Japan experiences a high rate of natural disasters, including earthquakes and flooding, and it is further out on the curve than any other country in terms of population aging and birthrate decline, and this is making its various systems related to disasters, medical care, and nursing care all the more important. The country also has a strong need for systems that are effective in dealing with the threat of coronaviruses and other infectious diseases. This project aims to develop methods for achieving the desirable allocation of medical resources, with examples including implementations of institutional design in organ transplant networks that have advanced outside of Japan , the distribution of vaccines, testing kits and therapeutics for combatting pandemics, the prioritization of testing and inpatient treatment, and the way in which medical triage is handled. Our research in the area of natural disasters focuses on the distribution of emergency relief supplies, the matching of disaster victims and (temporary) housing, and the creation of systems for optimally assigning volunteers (who increase in number sharply immediately after a disaster) to different disaster-stricken areas. We also plan to conduct institutional design research aimed at broadly improving the social safety net, dealing with topics such as the decision to place elderly individuals in special-care nursing homes and the apportionment of food by food banks.